Kostov’s classification of minerals

(the original mineralogical systematics of Prof. Ivan Kostov)

Kostov’s classification of minerals has been proposed since 1954 and displayed in his monographic Mineralogy as well as in a lot of publications on classification of different classes of minerals. In a series of papers and monographs (Kostov, 1956, 1957, 1964; 1965; 1968; 1971; 1973; 1975; 1979; 1981; 1982; 1985; 1986; 1993; 2000; Kostov, Minčeva-Stefanova, 1982; 1984; Kostov, Breskovska, 1989) the author extended this classification in which an attempt is made to cover the requirements of mineralogists and geochemists as a whole.

Proposed classification

The classification offered is based on geochemical-paragenetic and crystal chemical-structural criteria. Its trends run as follows:

1. Paragenetic trend:

1.1. Native elements and anionic subdivisions as classes. These subdivisions are universally accepted with slight rearrangements.

1.2. Cationic (metallic) subdivisions as mineral assemblages, based on geochemically associated metals in the composition of the minerals, becomingly presented as triads.

2. Structural trend;

2.1. Structural subdivisions based on anisometricity of unit-cell or sub-cell and strong bonds in the structure, viz. chain-like or axial A-type, sheet-like or planar P-type, pseudoisometric (I)-type, and isometric I-type. These subdivisions roughly correspond to the generally accepted structural patterns in the pure structural classifications of minerals but exclude subdivisions with isolated coordination polyhedra, finite clusters of polymerized polyhedra of one or different kinds, as well as framework structures which by unit cell or sub-cell anisometricity fall either into the isometric and pseudoisometric structure types (most of them) or within axial or planar types.

2.2. Groups and sub-groups of minerals, based on identity or similarity of crystal structure and space group.

A dual structural-paragenetic principle is applied to a rational classification of all minerals. Main divisions (associations) are based on geochemically allied metals in the composition of these minerals, subdivisions (axial, planar, pseudoisometric and isometric) on their overall structural anisometricity. The latter provides both structural similarity and genetic hint, viz. manner of crystal growth in geological setting under different conditions of crystallization.

The shape and dimensions of the unit cell or sub-cell of the crystal lattice provide a rough-and-ready idea about the overall structural anisometricity and direction of strong bonds. The overall structural anisometricity may conventiently be presented by the c/a ratio of the minerals with spindle symmetry and by the 2c/(a+b), 2b/(a+c) and 2a/(b+c) ratios for the low symmetry minerals. The respective ratios are less, nearly equal, equal or above 1.00, the unit cell or sub-cell and the corresponding structures denoted as axial or A-type, pseudo-isometric or (I)-type, isometric or I-type and planar or P-type, notations which correspond to chain-like, framework and sheet-like structures, respectively ino-, tecto- and phyllo-structures.

The notations A, (I) and P offered are further enriched by adding as superscript the direction of structural anisometricity for the low symmetry minerals, viz. A^c, A^b and A^a, (I)^c, (I)^b and (I)^a, and P^c, P^b and P^a; A, (I) and P notations remain for the minerals with spindle symmetry. A second enrichment in these notations refer to the morphology of the minerals, genetically important. Use is made of the indices (hkl) of the crystal habit form and [uvw] symbols for elongation added as subscripts. Combinations of both indicate form and elongation. The notations offered avoid frequent loose terms used for the dynamic variation of the crystal habits of minerals and their successive growth important for interpretation of their genesis and for outlining crystallogenetic zonality in variable geosetting.

Classes:

1. Elements

2. Sulphides and related compounds

3. Oxides and hydroxides

4. Halides

5. Silicates

6. Borates

7. Phospates, arsenates and vanadates

8. Wolframates and molybdates

9. Sulphates, selenates and tellurates

10. Chromates

11. Carbonates

12. Nitrates and iodates

13. Organic minerals

Examples:

Table 1. Structural-paragenetic classification of sulphide and related minerals (Kostov, Minčeva-Stefanova, 1981)

1. Metallic

1.1. Pt-Pd Assemblages

1.1.1. Axial Types

Hongshiite

Omeiite

Anduoite

Temagamite

1.1.2. Planar Types

Merthierite II

Stillwaterite

Stibiopalladinite

Merthierite I

Arsenopalladinite

Genkinite

Daomanite

Froodite

Telluropalladinite

1.1.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Types

Palladobismutharsenide

Fengluanite

Guanglinite

Atheneite

Isomerthierite

Vincentite

Telargpalite

Keithconnite

Palladoarsenite

Mayakite

Borovskite

Palladseite

Osterboshite

Polarite

Sobolevskite

Urwantsevite

Sudburite

Stumpflite

Ruthenarsenide

Cooperite

Braggite

Vysotskite

Yenshanite

Xingzhongite

Kotulskite

Yanzhongite

Hexatestibiopanickelite

Dayingite

Insizwaite

Geversite

Borishanskiite

Sperrylite

Platarsite

Iridarsenide

Laurite

Erlichmanite

Malanite

Chengbolite

Monchelite

Merenskyite

Tolovkite

Irarsite

Hollingworthite

Osarsite

Mishenerite

Maslovite

Testibiopalladite

1.2. Ni-Co-Fe Assemblages

1.2.1. Axial Types

Millerite

Makinenite

1.2.2. Planar Types

Parkerite

Bismuthohauchecornite

Hauchecornite

Asenohauchecornite

Tellurohauchecornite

Tucekite

Paracostibite

Pararamelsbergite

Kitkaite

Melonite

Mackinawite

Smythite

Haapalaite

Vallerite

Tochilinite I

Tochilinite II

1.2.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Types

Dienerite

Orcelite

Oregonite

Maucherite

Shandite

Heazlewoodite

Godlevskite

Pentlandite

Cobaltpentlandite

Argentopentlandite

(Djerfisherite)

(Thalfenisite)

Breithhauptite

Nickeline

Langisite

Modderite

Westerverdite

Jaipurite

Pyrhotite

Troilite

Pyrrhotite 3C

Pyrrhotite 4C

Pyrrhotite 5C

Pyrrhotite 11C

Pyrrhotite 6C

Sederholmite

Freboldite

Imgreite

Polydymite

Trustedtite

Wilkmanite

Siegenite

Linnarite

Bornhardite

Carrolite

Fletcherite

Violarite

Greigite

Tyrrellite

Indite

Daubreelite

Heideite

Brezinaite

Nisbite

Seinajokite

Krutovite

Rammelsbergite

Safflorite

Clinosaflorite

Loellingite

Vaesite

Cattierite

Pyritе

Bravoite

Villamaninite

Trogtalite

Penrosite

Kullerudite

Hastite

Marcasite

Ferroselite

Mattagamite

Frohbergite

Ullmannite

Gersdorfite I

Gersdorfite II

Gersdorfite III

Cobaltite

Costibite

Alloclasite

Gudmundite

Arsenopyrite

Nickelskutterudite

Skutterudite

Chloanthite

1.3. Mn-V-Tl-(K) Assemblages

1.3.1. Axial Types

Patronite

Raguinite

Picotpaulite

Rasvumite

Bartonite

Erdite

Coyoteite

1.3.2. Planar Types

Carlinite

Chalcothalite

Rohaite

Sabatierite

Thalcusite

Bukovite

1.3.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Types

Alabandine

β-Alabandine

Niningerite

Oldhamite

Hauerite

(Sylvanite)

(Colusite)

Djerfisherite

Thalfenisite

(Galkhaite)

(Crookesite)

1.4. Mo-W-Sn Assemblages

1.4.1. Axial Types

Ottemannite

1.4.2. Planar Types

Herzenbergite

Montesite

Teallite

Molybdenite 2H

Molybdenite 3R

Grysdalite

Tungstenite

Berndtite C6

Berndtite C27

Castaingite

1.4.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Types

Stistaite

(Kuramite)

(Stannite)

(Rhodostannite)

(Kesterite)

(Černyite)

(Velikovite)

(Stannoidite)

(Mawsonite)

(Colusite)

(Hemusite)

(Canfieldite)

(Hocardite)

1.5. Zn-Cu(Ge)-Pb Assemblages

1.5.1. Axial Types

Paxite

Furutobeite

Betekhtinite

Larosite

1.5.2. Planar Types

Umangite

Athabaskite

Rickardite

Covellite

Klockmannite

Vulcanite

Bambollaite

Nukundamite

(Shandite)

(Naguagite)

1.5.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Types

Horsfordite?

Algodonite

Novakite

α-Domeykite

β-Domeykite

Kutinaite

Cuprostibite

Koutekite

Chalcocite (-High)

Chalcocite (-Low)

Djurleite

Digenite (-High)

Digenite (-Interm.)

Digenite (-Low)

Geerite

Anilite

Berzelianite

Bellidoite

Crookesite

Weissite (-High)

Weissite (-Low)

Bornite (-High)

Bornite (-Interm.)

Bornite (-Low)

Chalcopyrite

Talnakhite

Putoranite

Mooihoekite

Haycockite

Cabriite

Eskebornite

Gallite

Rokesite

Kuramite

Stannite

Rhodostannite

Kesterite

Černyite

Velikite

Briartite

Stannoidite

Sakuraiite

Mawsonite

Cubanite

Tetrahedrite

Tennantite

Sb-Sandbergerite

As- Sandbergerite

Freibergite

Galkhaite

Nowackiite

Hakite

Goldfieldite

Famatinite

Permingeatite

Luzonite

Lazarevicite

Colusite

Renierite

Polkovicite

Sulvanite

Enargite

Lautite

Shadlunite

Mangan-Shadlunite

Hemusite

Fukuchilite

Krutaite

Sphalerite

Wurtzite

Stilleite

Hawleyite

Greenockite

Cadmoselite

Galena

Clausthalite

Altaite

Morozeviczite

1.6. Ag-Au-Hg Assemblages

1.6.1. Axial Types

Balkanite

Cinnabar

(Temagamite)

1.6.2. Planar Types

Krennerite

Sylvanite

Kostovite

Nagyagite

1.6.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Types

Jalpaite

Stromeyerite

Eucairite

MacKinstryite

Sternbergite

Argentopyrite

Argyrodite (-High)

Argyrodite (-Low)

Canfieldite

Hocardite

Dyscrasite

Bilibinskiite

Bogdanovite

Argentite

Acanthite

Aguilarite

Naumannite (-High)

Naumannite (-Low)

Hessite (-High)

Hessite (-Low)

Empressite

Stuetzite

Uytenbogaardite

Fischesserite

Petzite

Calaverite

Montbrayite

Volynskite

Metacinnabar

Saukovite

Polhemusite

Tiemannite

Coloradoite

(Galkhaite)

Corderoite

2. Sulphosalts

2.1. Cu-Pb-(Fe,Sn) Assemblages

2.1.1. Axial Types

Emplectite

Chalcostibite

Cuprobismutite

Hodrusite

Neyite

Nuffieldite

Aikinite

Friedrichite

Hammarite

Berryite

Lindstromite

Krupkaite

Junoite

Gladite

Pekoite

Miharaite

(Petrovicite)

Heyrovskyite

Bursaite

Goongarrite

Lillianite

Cosalite

Proudite

Giessenite

Weibullite

Wittite

Cannizzarite

Kobellite

Galenobismutite

Sakharovaite

Bonchevite

Ustrasite

Berthierite

Garavellite

Meneghinite

(Gruzdevite)

(Aktashite)

Lengenbachite

Potosiite

Boulangerite

Zinckenite

Robinsonite

Tintinaite

Jamesonite

Ardaite

Gratonite

2.1.2. Planar Types

Aleksite

Poubaite

Cylindrite

Incaite

Franckeite

Geocronite

Jordanite

Dufrenoysite

Baumhauerite

Rathite I-IV

Sarthorite

2.1.3. Pseudoisometric Types

Wittichenite

Skinnerite (-High)

Skinnerite (-Low)

Sinnerite

Součekite

Bournonite

Seligmannite

Semseyite

Madocite

Veenite

Playfairite

Heteromorphite

Sterryite

Dadsonite

Launayite

Sorbyite

Plagionite

Guettardite

Twinnite

Fülöppite

2.2. Ag-(Pb,Tl)-Hg Assemblages

2.2.1. Axial Types

Ourayite

Eskimoite

Vikingite

Treasurite

Schirmerite

Pavonite

Benjaminite

Cupropavonite

Owyheeite

Ramdohrite

Teremkovite

Fizelyte

Samsonite

Livingstonite

Petrovicite

Twalcheridzeite

Gruzdevite

Aktashite

Routhierite

2.2.2. Planar Types

Gustavite

Hutchinsonite

Pyrostilpnite

Xanthoconite

Smithite

Bohdanowiczite

Weissbergite

Vrbaite

Lorandite

Imhofite

Parapierroitite

Pierrotite

Christite

Laffittite

2.2.3. Pseudoisometric Types

Matildite (-High)

Matildite (-Interm.)

Matildite (-Low)

Aramayoite

Miargyrite

Trenchmannite

Freieslebenite

Marrite

Diaphorite

Brogniarite

Nakaseite

Andorite

Chabourneite

Hatchite

Wallisite

Polybasite Tac

Polybasite T2ac

Polybasite T2a2c

Pearseite Tac

Pearseite T2ac

Pearseite T2a2c

Stephanite

Billingsleyite

Sb-Billingsleyite

Tapalpaite

Pyrargyrite

Proustite

Ellisite

Arcubisite

3. Semi-Metallic

3.0.1. Axial Types

Paraguanahuatite

Guanahuatite

Bismuthinite

Horbetsuite

Stibnite

Wakabayashilite

3.0.2. Planar Types

Hedleyite

Wehrlite

Joseite A

Joseite B

Laitakarite

Ikunolite

Tsumoite

Rucklidgeite

Tellurobismutite

Kawazulite

Tetradymite

Csiklovaite

Tellurantimony

Getchellite

Orpiment

Realgar

3.0.3. Pseudoisometric Types

Dimorphite

Duranusite

Pararealgar

4. Oxisulphides

4.0.1. Axial Types

Kermesite

Sarabauite

Gestleyite

4.0.2. Planar Types

(Haapalaite)

4.0.3. Pseudoisometric Types

Versiliaite

Apuanite

Table 2. Structural-paragenetic classification of halide minerals (Kostov, 1993)

1. Fluorides

2. Chlorides, bromides, iodides

2.1. Al-Mg-Fe Assemblages

2.2. Na-Ca-K Assemblages

2.3. Cu-Ag-Pb-Hg Assemblages

Table 3. Structural-paragenetic classification of silicate minerals (Kostov, 1975; 1993)

1. Silicates with (Si,Al):M²⁺ = 4:1 – 3:1

1.1. Free SiO₂ and non-aluminous silicates

Quartz group

Kenyanite

Magadiite

Mountanite

Rodesite

Makatite

Kanemite

1.2. Aluminosilicates

1.2.1. Axial Structures

Feldspar group

Celsian

Cymrite

Banalsite

Buddingtonite

Scapolite group

Nepheline

Katiophyllite

Kalsilite

Trikalsilite

Eucriptite

Cancrinite

Leifite

1.2.2. Planar structures

Petalite

1.2.3. Isometric Structures

Leucite

Pollucite

Sodalite

Nosean

Hauyne

Lazurite

1.3. Zeolites (with water molecules)

1.3.1. Axial Structures

Mordenite

Dachiardite

Erionite

Offretite

Natrolite

Gonnardite

Mesolite

Thomsonite

Scolecite

Edingtonite

Laumontite

Leonhardite

1.3.2. Planar structures

Stilbite

Stellerite

Heulandite

Clinoptilolite

Epistilbite

Yugawaralite

Brewsterite

Ferrierite

1.3.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

Chabasite

Gmelinite

Levyne

Gismondine

Phillipsite

Garronite

Harmotome

Analcime

Wairakite

Faustite

Paulingite

2. Silicates with (Si,Al):M²⁺ = 3:1 – 1:1

2.1. Be-Al-Mg(Fe) Assemblages

2.1.1. Axial Structures

Bavenite

Karpinskiite

Sorensenite

Pyroxene group

Spodumene

Bikitaite

Carpholite

Amphibole group

Holmquistite

Joesmithite

Howieite

Deerite

Tuhualite

Mboziite

Paligorskite

Sepiolite

Loughlinite

2.1.2. Planar Structures

Epididymite

Eudidymite

Kaolinite

Nacrite

Dickite

Halloysite

Imogolite

Pyrophyllite

Antigorite

Chrysolite

Nepouite

Talk

Minnesotaite

Mica group

Hydromica (illite) group

Zussmanite

Stilpnomelane

Smektite (montmorillonite) group

Zincsilite

Brittle mica group

Bityite

Rayerite

Latiumite

Chlorite group

2.1.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

Beryl

Cordierite

Sekaninaite

Milarite

Osumilite

Roedderite

Merrihueite

Yagiite

Magbasite

Chkalovite

Tugtupite

2.2. Zr-Ti-Nb Assemblages

2.2.1. Axial Structures

Lorenzenite

Vinogradovite

Neptunite

Narsarsukite

Tinaksite

2.2.2. Planar Structures

Astrophyllite

Kupletskite

Niobophyllite

Lamprophyllite

Armstrongite

Muirite

Traskite

2.2.3. Pseudoisometric Structures

Catapleite

Gaidonnayite

Wadeite

Vlasovite

Eudialite

Lovozerite

Dalyite

Lemoynite

Sogdianite

Benitoite

Pabstite

Stokesite

Ilmajokite

Baotite

Joaquinite

Ilimaussite

Branockite

2.3. Ca(TR)-Mn-Ba Assemblages

2.3.1. Axial Structures

Pectolite

Serandite

Fenaksite

Kanasite

Combeite

Misserite

Ashcroftine

Taramelite

Wollastonite

Pseudowollastonite

Rosenhahnite

Foshagite

Xonotlite

Thaumasite

Rhodonite

Bustamite

Babingtonite

Inesite

Alleghanyite

Leucophoenisite

Sonolite

Pyroxmangite

Pyroxferroite

Gageite

2.3.2. Planar Structures

Okenite

Nekoite

Gyrolite

Truscitite

Riversidite

Tobermorite

Plombierite

Aphophyllite

Carletonite

Cavansite

Pentagonite

Zeophyllite

Pyrosmalite

Bementite

Schallerite

Freidelite

Walstromite

Macdonaldite

Pellyite

Sanbornite

Krauskopfite

Gillespite

Verplanckite

Ericksonite

Ortoeriksonite

Bannisterite

Ganophyllite

Chernykhite

2.3.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

Ertixiite

Peliite

2.4. Zn-Cu-Pb(U) Assemblages

2.4.1. Axial Structures

Chrysocolla

Plancheite

Alamosite

Margarosanite

Roeblingite

Plumasite

Jagoite

2.4.2. Planar Structures

Zincsilite

Zinalsite

Weeksite

Haiweete

Ursilite

Boltwoodite

Ranquilite

2.4.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

Dioptase

Ajoite

Papagoite

Kinoite

Ecanite

3. Silicates with (Si,Al):M²⁺ < 1:1

3.1. Be-Al-Mg Assemblages

3.1.1. Axial Structures

Phenakite

Liberite

Andalusite

Sillimanite

Kyanite

Topaz

Yoderite

Staurolite

Zoisite

Clinozoisite

Epidote

Mukhinite

Allanite

Lawsonite

Cebollite

Pumpellyite

Ardennite

Roggianite

Latiumite

Tacharanite

Delhayelite

Eakerite

Ilvaite

Julgoldite

Tungusite

Krinovite

3.1.2. Planar Structures

Bertrandite

Beryllite

Euclase

Semenovite

Saphirine

Prenite

3.1.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

Trimerite

Gugiaite

Aminoffite

Meliphanite

Leucophanite

Harstigite

Barylite

Akermanite

Ferroakermanite

Gehlenite

Helvite

Danalite

Genthelvite

Hsinghualite

Zunyite

Garnet group

Vesuvianite

Armenite

Olivine group

Ringwoodite

Monticellite

Kirschteinite

Norbergite

Chondrodite

Humite

Clinohumite

3.2. Zr-Ti-Nb Assemblages

3.2.1. Axial Structures

Wohlerite

Hiortdahlite

Lovenite

Niocalite

Elpidite

Chevkinite

Perrierite

Aenigmatite

3.2.2. Planar Structures

Seidozerite

Mosandrite

Rosenbuschite

Keldyshite

Tranquilitite

Murmanite

Epistolite

Lomonosovite

Tundrite

Wuonnemite

Batisite

Noonkanbahite

Bafertisite

Fresnoite

Innelite

Yoshimuraite

3.2.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

Zircon

Kimzeyite

Titanite

Malayaite

Fersmanite

Scherbakovite

Labuntsovite

Nenadkevichite

Karnasurtite

Komarovite

3.3. Ca(TR)-Mn-Ba Assemblages

3.3.1. Axial Structures

Afwillite

Bultfonteinite

Hillebrandite

Killalaite

Cuspidine

Rustumite

Thortveitite

Yttrialite

Haradaite

Thalenite

Jennite

3.3.2. Planar Structures

Spurrite

Tilleyite

Scawtite

3.3.3. Pseudoisometric Structures

Larniet

Bredigite

Merwinite

Ramkinite

Foshallasite

Solanite

Kilchoanite

Dellaite

Tephroite

Glaucouchroite

Orientite

Cerite

Tornebohmite

Kainosite

Nordite

Steenstrupine

Rowlandite

3.4. Zn-Cu-Pb(U) Assemblages

3.4.1. Axial Structures

Willemite

Larsenite

Esperite

Hemimorphite

Melanotekite

Kentrolite

3.4.2. Planar Structures

Clinohedrite

Hodgkinsonite

Hardystonite

Kurumsakite

Barysilite

Molybdophyllite

Ganomalite

Nasolite

Soddyite

Uranophane

Sklodowskite

Cuprosklodowskite

Kasolite

Dixenite

Macgovernite

Asbekasite

Parwelite

Chapmanite

Langbanite

Yeatmanite

Katoptrite

3.4.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

Thorite

Huttonite

Thorogummite

Coffinite

Eulytine

Bismutoferrite

4. Borosilicates

4.0.1. Axial Structures

Dumortierite

Holtite

Kornerupine

Grandidierite

Tourmanine group

4.0.2. Planar Structures

Searlesite

Howlite

Bakerite

Leucosphenite

Tyansxanite

Tadzhikite

4.0.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

Ferroaxinite

Manganaxinite

Tinzenite

Serendibite

Harkerite

Painite

Datolite

Homilite

Reedmergnerite

Danburite

Stillwellite

Spencite

Hellandite

Melanocerite

Tritomite-(Ce)

Tritomite-(Y)

Cappelenite

Hyalotekite

5. Silicates with additional anions

5.1. With semimetallic (AsO₃, AsO₄ etc.) groups

5.1.1. Axial Structures

5.1.2. Planar Structures

5.1.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

5.2. With PO₄-groups

5.2.1. Axial Structures

5.2.2. Planar Structures

5.2.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

5.3. With SO₄-groups

5.3.1. Axial Structures

5.3.2. Planar Structures

5.3.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

5.4. With CO₃-groups

5.4.1. Axial Structures

5.4.2. Planar Structures

5.4.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

Table 4. Structural-paragenetic classification of borate minerals (Kostov, Kostov, 2002; in press)

Sassolite	B(OH)₃
Metaborite	B₃O₃(OH)₃

Be-Al-Mg(Fe,Mn) Assemblages

Axial, A-type, Structures
Hambergite	Be₃(BO₃)(OH)

Peprossiite-(Ce)	CeAl₂[B₃O₉]
Johachidolite	Ca₂Al₂[B₆O₁₉]

Fluoborite	Mg₃(BO₃)(F,OH)₃

Inderite	Mg[B₃O₃(OH)₅](H₂O)₅
Kurnakovite	Mg[B₃O₃(OH)₅](H₂O)₅
Aksaite	Mg[B₆O₇(OH)₆](H₂O)₂

Kotoite	Mg₂(BO₃)₂
Jimboite	Mn₂(BO₃)₂
Suanite	Mg₂[B₂O₅]

Szaibelyite	Mg₂(OH)[B₂O₄(OH)]
Sussexite	Mn₂(OH)[B₂O₄(OH)]

Ludwigite	Mn₂FeO₂(BO₃)
Vonsenite	Fe₂FeO₂(BO₃)
Bonaccordite	Ni₂FeO₂(BO₃)
Chestermanite	Mg₂(Fe,Al,Sb)O₂(BO₃)
Warwikite	(Mg,Ti,Fe,Al)₂O₂(BO₃)
Azoproite	(Mg,Fe)₂(Fe,Ti)O₂(BO₃)
Friedriksonite	Mg₂(Mn,Fe)O₂(BO₃)
Hulsite	(Fe,Mg)₂(Fe,Sn)O₂(BO₃)
Magnesiohulsite	(Mg,Fe)₂(Fe,Sn)O₂(BO₃)

Wightmanite	Mg₅O(OH)₅(BO₃)(H₂O)₂
Shabinite	Mg₅(OH)₅(BO₃)(Cl,OH)₂(H₂O)₄
Karlite	Mg₇(OH)₄(BO₃)₄Cl

Planar, P-type, Structures
Berborite	Be₂(BO₃)(OH,F)(H₂O)

Hungchaoite	Mg[B₄O₅(OH)₄](H₂O)₇

Pinakiolite	(Mg,Mn)₂(Mn,Sb)O₂(BO₃)
Orthopinakiolite	(Mg,Mn)₂MnO₂(BO₃)
Takeuchite	(Mg,Mn)₂(Mn,Fe)O₂(BO₃)
Blatterite	Mn₂(Mn,Sb,Fe)O₂(BO₃)

(Pseudo-)Isometric, (I) resp. I-type Structures
Rhodizite	(K,Cs)Al₄Be₄(B,Be)₁₂O₂₈

Satimolite	KNa₂Al₄[B₆O₁₅]Cl₃(H₂O)₁₃

Jeremeyevite	Al₆(BO₃)₅F₃

Sinhalite	AlMg(BO₄)
Pseudosinhalite	(Mg,Fe)₂Al₃B₂O₉(OH)

Diomignite	Li[B₄O₇]

Pinnoite	Mg[B₂O(OH)₆]
Boracite (high)	Mg₃[B₇O₁₃]Cl
Boracite (low)	Mg₃[B₃O₁₀]₂(BO₃)Cl
Chambersite	Mn₃[B₃O₁₀]₂(BO₃)Cl
Congolite	Fe₃[B₃O₁₀]₂(BO₃)Cl
Ericaite	Fe₃[B₃O₁₀]₂(BO₃)Cl
Trembathite	Mg₃[B₃O₁₀]₂(BO₃)Cl

(Ta,Nb)-Sn-Zr Assemblages

Axial, A-type, Structures (no mineral known)

Planar, P-type, Structures
Tusionite	MnSn(BO₃)₂
Nordenskiöldine	CaSn(BO₃)₂

(Pseudo-)Isometric, (I) resp. I-type Structures
Behierite	(Ta,Nb)BO₃
Schiavinatoite	(Nb,Ta)BO₄
Painite	CaZr(BO₃)Al₉O₁₅

Na-Ca-Sr(K,Mg,NH₄) Assemblages

Axial, A-type, Structures
Ameghinite	Na[B₃O₃(OH)]

Ezcurrite	Na₂[B₅O₇(OH)₃](H₂O)₂
Sborgite	Na[B₅O₆(OH)₄](H₂O)₃
Kernite	Na₂[B₄O₆(OH)₂](H₂O)₃
Borax	Na₂[B₄O₅(OH)₄](H₂O)₈

Aristarainite	NaMg₂[B₆O₈(OH)₄]₂(H₂O)₄
Rivadavite	Na₂Mg[B₆O₈(OH)₆]₄(H₂O)₁₀
Ulexite	NaCa[B₅O₆(OH)₆](H₂O)₅
Probertite	NaCa[B₅O₇(OH)₄](H₂O)₃

Calciborite	Ca[B₂O₄]

Sibirskite	Ca[BO₂(OH)]
Parasibirskite	Ca₂B₂O₅(H₂O)
Vimsite	Ca[B₂O₂(OH)₄]
Uralborite	Ca₂[B₄O₄(OH)₈]
Korzhinskite	Ca₂[B₄O₆(OH)₄]

Olshanskyite	Ca₃[(B(OH)₄)₄/(OH)₂]
Hexahydroborite	Ca[B(OH)₄]₂(H₂O)
Pentahydroborite	Ca[B₂O(OH)₄]₆(H₂O)₂
Meyerhofferite	Ca[B₃O₃(OH)₅](H₂O)
Nifontovite	Ca₃[B₃O₃(OH)₆](H₂O)₂
Colemanite	Ca[B₃O₄(OH)₃]₂(H₂O)₃
Gowerite	Ca[B₅O₈(OH)/B(OH)₃](H₂O)₃

Kurchatovite	CaMg[B₂O₅]
Fedorovskite	Ca₂Mg₂(OH)₄[B₄O₇(OH)₂]
Roweite	Ca₂Mg₂(OH)₄[B₄O₇(OH)₂]
Hydroboracite	CaMg[B₃O₄(OH)₃]₂(H₂O)₃

Planar, P-type, Structures
Tinkalconite	Na₂[B₄O₅(OH)₄](H₂O)₃
Biringuccite	Na₂[B₅O₈(OH)](H₂O)
Nasinite	Na₂[B₅O₈(OH)](H₂O)₂

Tuzlaite	NaCa[B₅O₆(OH)₂](H₂O)₃

Frolovite	Ca[B(OH)₄]₂

Solongoite	Ca₂[B₃O₄(OH)₄]Cl
Hilgardite	Ca₂[B₅O₉]Cl(H₂O)
Tyretskite	Ca₂[B₅O₉](OH)(H₂O)
Fabianite	Ca₂[B₆O₁₀(OH)₂]
Nobleite	Ca₂[B₆O₉(OH)₂](H₂O)₃
Ginorite	Ca₂[B₁₄O₂₀(OH)₆](H₂O)₅

Strontioborite	Sr[B₆O₁₁(OH)₄]
Tunellite	Sr[B₆O₉(OH)₂](H₂O)₃
Veatchite	Sr₂[B₅O₈(OH)₂][B(OH)₃](H₂O)

Volkovskite	KCa₄[B₅O₈(OH)]₄[B(OH)₃]₂Cl(H₂O)₄

(Pseudo-)Isometric, (I) resp. I-type Structures
Inyoite	Ca[B₃O₃(OH)₅](H₂O)₄
Pringleite	Ca₉[B₂₀O₂₈(OH)₁₈][B₆O₆(OH)₆]Cl₄(H₂O)₁₃
Ruitenbergite	Ca₉[B₂₀O₂₈(OH)₁₈][B₆O₆(OH)₆]Cl₄(H₂O)₁₃

Santite	K[B₅O₆(OH)₄](H₂O)₂
Kaliborite	KMgH[B₇O₈(OH)₅](H₂O)₄

Larderellite	(NH)₄[B₅O₇(OH)₂](H₂O)
Ammonioborite	(NH)₄[B₁₅O₂₀(OH)₈](H₂O)₄

[Zn]-Cu-[Pb] Assemblages

Axial, A-type, Structures
synthetic	Zn₄O[B₆(OH)₁₂]
Henmilite	Ca₂Cu(OH)₄[B(OH)₄]₂

Planar, P-type, Structures
synthetic	Zn₃(BO₃)₂
Bandylite	Cu[B(OH)₄]Cl

(Pseudo-)Isometric, (I) resp. I-type Structures
synthetic	ZnB₄O₇
synthetic	Zn₄O[BO₂]₆

synthetic	CuB₂O₄

synthetic	PbB₄O₇
synthetic	Pb₆B₁₀O₂₁

Note: Mixed oxyanions borates (sulphate-, phosphate-, arsenate-, carbonate- and silico-borates) are excluded from the classification but can easily be added as a sub-class or referred to the other corresponding classes. Beryllate-borates are conveniently included in the Be-Al-Mg association.

Table 5. Structural-paragenetic classification of the phosphate, arsenate and vanadate minerals (Kostov, Breskovska, 1989)

Phospates

1. Be-Al-Mg Assemblages

1.1. Axial Structures

Moraesite

Faheyite

Tiptopite

Uralolite

Glicine

Augelite

Wavellite

Kingite

Souzalite

Gormanite

Viitaniemiite

Gatumbaite

Farringtonite

Kovdorskite

Wagnerite

Holtedahlite

Althausite

Satterlyite

1.2. Planar Structures

Vayrynenite

Beryllonite

Fransoleite

Ehrleite

Senegalite

Crandallite

Goyazite

Zairite

Florensite

Morinite

Matulaite

Foggite

Overite

Lunyokite

Kingsmountite

Montgomerite

Wardite

Millisite

Gordonite

Sigloite

Altermanite

Burangaite

Francoanellite

Minyulite

Newberyite

Phosphorroesslerite

Bobierrite

Thadeuite

Baricite

Dittmarite

Struvite

Schertelite

Hannayite

Paulkerrite

Mantienneite

1.3. (Pseudo)Isometric Structures

Hurlbutite

Gainesite

Herderite

Babelphite

Roscherite

Berlinite

Variscite

Meta-variscite

Kolbeckite

Fluellite

Trolleite

Lasulite

Scorzalite

Aheylite

(Amblygonite)

Natromontebrasite

Brasilianite

Lacroixite

Isokite

Panasqueiraite

Curetonite

Tinsleyite

Coeruleolactite

Childrenite

Eosphorite

Ernstite

Sinkankasite

Vauxite

Para-vauxite

Whiteite

Stanfieldite

Panethite

2. Li-Fe-Mn Assemblages

2.1. Axial Structures

Tancoite

Bertossaite

Palermoite

Rockbridgeite

Zinc-rockbridgeite

Frondelite

Giniite

Laubmannite

Whitmoreite

Earlshanoite

Cacoxenite

Strunzite

Ferrostrunzite

Graftonite

Beusite

Melonjosephite

Meta-vivianite

Olmsteadite

Keckite

Huhnerkobelite

2.2. Planar Structures

Lithiophosphate

Ludlamite

Switzerite

Meta-switzerite

Vivianite

Ushkovite

Laueite

Pseudo-laueite

Stewartite

Segelerite

Wilhelmvierlingite

Richellite

Dufrenite

Natrodufrenite

Cyrillovite

Kidwellite

Jahnsite

Bermanite

Mitridatite

Robertsite

2.3. (Pseudo)Isometric Structures

Triphylite

Lithiophylite

Sicklerite

Ferrisicklerite

Amblygonite

Montebrasite

Tavorite

Heterosite

Purpurite

Triploidite

Wolfeite

Sarcopside

Zwieselite

Triplite

Lipscombite

Barbosalite

Kryzhanovskite

Beraunite

Landesite

Strengite

Meta-strengite

Garyansellite

Phosphoferrite

Reddingite

Hureaulite

Niahite

Hagendorphite

Alluaudite

Fillowite

Johnsomervilleite

Wicksite

Griphite

Johnwalkite

Leucophosphite

Spheniscidite

3. Na-Ca-Ba Assemblages

3.1. Axial Structures

Vitusite

Penikisite

Kulanite

Bjarebyite

Perloffite

Ningyonite

3.2. Planar Structures

Strecorite

Mundrabillaite

Brusjite

Weinschenkite

Collinsite

Messelite

Fairfieldite

Cassidyite

Anapaite

Canaphite

Calcioferrite

3.3. (Pseudo) Isometric Structures

Nahpoite

Olympite

Apatite

Arctite

Belovite

Alforsite

Samuelsonite

Dorfmanite

Natrophosphate

Maricite

Natrophilite

Buchwaldite

Olgite

Vitusite

Brianite

Wyllieite

Qingheite

Nacaphite

Nastrophite

Archerite

Biphosphammite

Arrojadite

Dickinsonite

Monetite

Monazite

Rhabdophanite

Xenotime

Brabantite

Whitlockite

Goedkenite

Jagowerite

Gorceixite

Curetonite

4. Zn-Cu-Pb(U) Assemblages

4.1. Axial Structures

Kleemanite

Libethenite

Andrewsite

Petersite

Phosphofibrite

Upalite

Phuraluminite

4.2. Planar Structures

Tarbuttite

Hopeite

Para-hopeite

Spencerite

Veszelyite

Phosphophyllite

Schoonerite

Jungite

Scholzite

Para-scholzite

Turquoise

Calcosiderite

Zapatalite

Sampleite

Vyacheslavite

Plumbogummite

Drugmanite

Vanmeerscheite

Ranunculite

Mundite

Threadgolgite

Furongite

Moreuite

Sabugaliete

Althupite

Saleeite

Bassetite

Meta-basetite

Sodium-autunite

Autunite

Meta-autunite

Pseudo-autunite

Phosphouranylite

Uranocircite

Meta-uranocircite I

Meta-uranocircite II

Bergenite

Meta-ankoleite

Kivuite

Torbernite

Meta-torbernite

Parsonsite

Przhevalskite

Renardite

Dewindtite

4.3. Pseudoisometric Structures

Cornetite

Pseudomalachite

Pyromorphite

Phurcalite

Dumontite

Arsenates

1. Be-Al-Mg Assemblages

1.1. Axial Structures

Bearsite

Bulachite

Adelite

1.2. Planar Structures

Arsenokrandallite

Arsenogoyazite

Brassite

Roesslerite

Arsen-struvite

Hoernesite

Mangan-hoernesite

Chudobaite

1.3 (Pseudo) Isometric Structures

Bergslagite

Mansfieldite

Liskeardite

Durangite

Tilasite

Philipsbornite

Alumopharmacosiderite

Berzeliite

Mangan-berzeliite

2. Li-Fe-Mn Assemblages

2.1. Axial Structures

Kankite

Kaatialaite

Arseniosiderite

Eveite

Sarkinite

Hamafibrite

Acrochordite

2.2. Planar Structures

Scorodite

Symplesite

Para-symplesite

Ogdensburgite

Krautite

Arsenoclasite

Synadelphite

Jarosewichite

Chlorophoenicite

Hematolite

Allactite

Brandtite

Wallkieldellite

Villyaellenite

Fluckite

2.3. (Pseudo) Isometric Structures

Angelellite

Dussertite

Pharmacosiderite

Sodium-pharnacosiderite

Kolfanite

Flinkite

Grischunite

Retzian

Stenhuggarite

Magnussonite

Holdenite

3. Na-Ca-Ba Assemblages

3.1. Axial Structures

Pharmacolite

Picropharmacolite

Irhtemite

Vladimirite

Rauenthalite

Phaunouxite

Caryinite

Monearite

3.2. Planar Structures

Haidingerite

Machatschkiite

Sainfeldite

Ferrarisite

Guerinite

α-Roselite

β-Roselite

3.3. (Pseudo) Isometric Structures

Chernovite

Weilite

Strontium weilite

Svabite

Johnbaumite

Morelandite

Cafarsite

4. Zn-Cu-Pb(U) Assemblages

4.1. Axial Structures

Adamite

Paradamite

Legrandite

Austinite

Duftite

Johillerite

Tsumcorite

Helmutwinklerite

Thometzekite

Prosperite

Lotharmeyerite

Xanthiosite

Keyite

Aerugite

Arhbarite

Coeruleite

Mixite

Agardite

Goudeyite

Arthurite

Lindackerite

Carminite

Bayldonite

4.3. Planar Structures

Warikanite

Kottigite

Meta-kottigite

Erythrite

Annabergite

Koritnigite

Cobaltkoritnite

Clinoclasite

Cornwallite

Cornubite

Strashimitite

Luetheite

Chenevixite

Tyrolite

Zinclavendulanite

Lavendulanite

Richelsdorfite

Gerdtremmelite

Theisite

Jamesite

Paulmooreite

Gebhardite

Shultenite

Trigonite

Trogerite

Arsenuranospathite

Novačekite

Meta-novačekite

Kahlerite

Meta-kahlerite

Meta-kirchheimerite

Uranospinite

Meta-uranospinite

Arsenuranylite

Abernathyite

Heinrichite

Meta-heinrichite

Lodevite

Zeunerite

Meta-zeunerite

Walpurgite

Hallimondite

Hugelite

4.3. (Pseudo) Isometric Structures

Reinerite

Olivenite

Euchroite

Philipsburgite

Stranskiite

Lammerite

Gaitite

O’Danielite

Liroconite

Conichalcite

Arsendescloisite

Mimetite

Finnemanite

Georgiadesite

Sahlinite

Philipsbornite

Arsenbrackebuschite

Nealite

Rooseveltite

Preisingerite

Atelestite

Chursinite

Vanadates

1. Be-Al-Mg Assemblages

1.1. Axial Structures

Frederiksonite

1.2. Planar Structures

Alvanite

1.3. (Pseudo) Isometric Structures

Steigerite

2. Li-Fe-Mn Assemblages

2.1. Axial Structures

Fervanite

Schubnelite

2.2. Planar Structures

Ferganite

2.3. (Pseudo) Isometric Structures

3. Na-Ca-Ba Assemblages

3.1. Axial Structures

Barnessite

Meta-hewettite

Sodium-calcium-meta-hewettite

Hewettite

Bannermanite

Delrioite

Grantsite

3.2. Planar Structures

Hendersonite

3.3. (Pseudo) Isometric Structures

Wakefieldite

Kusuite

Hummerite

Munirite

Rossite

Meta-rossite

Fernandinite

Gamagarite

4. Zn-Cu-Pb(U) Assemblages

4.1. Axial Structures

Vesignieite

Duhamelite

Stibivanite

4.2. Planar Structures

Stoiberite

Ziesite

Chervetite

Mounanaite

Pucherite

Clinobisvanite

Dreyerite

Schumacherite

Uvanite

Vanuralite

Meta-vanuralite

Strelkinite

Tuyamuyunite

Meta-tuyamuyunite

Rauvite

Francevillite

Carnotite

Margaritasite

Curienite

Sengierite

4.3. (Pseudo) Isometric Structures

Volborthite

Fingerite

Tangeite

Vanadinite

Pyrobelonite

Descloizite

Mottramite

Čechite

Heyite

Brackebuschite

Schumacherite

Phosphates – arsenates – vanadates with mixed anions

1. Axial Structures

Walentaite

Santafeite

2. Planar Structures

Schoderite

Meta-schoderite

Arsenocrandalite

Natrouranospinite

Sincosite

Uranospathite

Kamitugaite

3. (Pseudo) Isometric Structures

Asselbornite

With additional (SO₄) groups

1. Axial Structures

Tristramite

Lindackerite

2. Planar Structures

Sassaite

Sarmientite

Bukovskyite

Zykaite

Ardealite

Chalcophyllite

Parnauite

Hinsdalite

Orpheite

Corkite

Beudanite

Svanbergite

Schlossmacherite

Coconinoite

Xiangjiangite

3. (Pseudo) Isometric Structures

Diadochite

Hotsonite

Peisleyite

Tsumebite

With additional (SiO₄) groups

1. Axial Structures

Attakolite

Wilkeite

2. Planar Structures

Waylandite

Phosinaite

Clinophosinaite

Lomonosovite

Sobolevite

Perhamite

Viseite

Nelenite

Parweliet

Kraisslite

Dixenite

Madaite

3. (Pseudo) Isometric Structures

Asbecasite

Sayakite

Britholite

Karnasurtite

Smirnovskite

Steenstrupine

Cheralite

Saneroite

Sarcolite

With additional (CO₃), (BO₃), (NO₃), (MoO₄) or (CrO₄) groups

1. Axial Structures

Seamanite

Bellite

2. Planar Structures

Luneburgite

Sidorenkite

Likasite

Betpakdalite

Na-Betpakdalite

Obradovichite

Fornacite

Molybdofornacite

3. (Pseudo) Isometric Structures

Cahnite

Bradleyite

Bonshtedtite

Daqiungshamite

Brockite

Embreyite

Table 6. Structural-paragenetic classification of the sulphate minerals (Kostov, 2000)

1. Al-Mg-Fe Assemblages

1.1. A x i a l S t r u c t u r e s

1.1.1. Alumininite Al₂SO₄(OH)₄.7H₂O

1.1.2. Pickeringite MgAl₂(SO₄)₄.22H₂O

Halotrichite FeAl₂(SO₄)₄.22H₂O

1.1.3. Kalinite KAlSO₄.11H₂O

Mendosite NaAlSO₄.11H₂O

Ettringite Ca₆Al₂(SO₄)₃(OH)₁₆.26H₂O

1.1.4a.Epsomite MgSO₄.7H₂O

Tauriscite FeSO₄.7H₂O

Morenosite NiSO₄.7H₂O

1.1.4b.Melanterite FeSO₄.7H₂O

Hexahydrite MgSO₄.6H₂O

Ferrohexahydrite FeSO₄.6H₂O

1.1.5. Sideronatrite Na₂Fe(SO₄)₂(OH).3H₂O

1.2. P l a n a r S t r u c t u r e s

1.2.1. Alunogen Al₂(SO₄)₃.17H₂O

1.2.2. Alunite KAl₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆

Jarosite KFe₃(SO₄)₂(OH)₆

1.2.3a.Starkeyite MgSO₄.4H₂O

Rosenite FeSO₄.4H₂O

Coquimbite Fe₂(SO₄)₃.9H₂O

Römeite Fe₂Fe(SO₄)₄.14H₂O

1.3. ( P s e u d o -) I s o m e t r i c S t r u c t u r e s

1.3.1. Soda alum NaAl(SO₄)₂.12H₂O

Potash alum KAl(SO₄)₂.12H₂O

1.3.2a.Langbeinite K₂Mg₂(SO₄)₃

D’Ansite Na₂₁Mg(SO₄)₁₀Cl₃

1.2.3b.Vanthoffite Na₆Mg(SO₄)₄

Polynalite K₂Ca₂Mg(SO₄)₄.2H₂O

1.3.3. Kieserite MgSO₄.H₂O

Szomolnokite FeSO₄.H₂O

1.3.4. Kainite KMgSO₄Cl.3H₂O

2. Na(K)-Ca-Ba Assemblages

2.1. A x i a l S t r u c t u r e s

2.1.1. Mirabilite Na₂SO₄.10H₂O

2.1.2. Syngenite K₂Ca(SO₄)₂.H₂O

2.2. P l a n a r S t r u c t u r e s

2.2.1. Gypsum CaSO₄.2H₂O

2.3. ( P s e u d o -) I s o m e t r i c S t r u c t u r e s

2.3.1. Thenardite Na₂SO₄

Arcanite K₂SO₄

Glaserite K₃Na(SO₄)₂

Glauberite CaNa₂(SO₄)₂

2.3.2. Anhydrite CaSO₄

Celestite SrSO₄

BariteBaSO₄

2.3.3. Kogarkoite Na₃(SO₄)F

Galeite Na₃(SO₄)(F,Cl)

Sulfohalite Na₆(SO₄)₂(F,Cl)

Schairerite Na₂₁(SO₄)₇F₆Cl

3. Zn-Cu-Pb(U) Assemblages

3.1. A x i a l S t r u c t u r e s

3.1.1. Zincosite ZnSO₄

Goslarite ZnSO₄.7H₂O

3.1.2. Chalcocyanite CuSO₄

3.1.3. Cyanotrychite Cu₄Al₂SO₄(OH)₁₂.2H₂O

Ransomite CuFe₂SO₄.6H₂O

3.1.4. Chlorothionite K₂CuSO₄Cl₂

3.1.5. Linarite PbCuSO₄(OH)₂

Fleischerite Pb₃Ge(SO₄)₂(OH)₂

Elyite Pb₄CuSO₄(OH)₈

3.2. P l a n a r S t r u c t u r e s

3.2.1. Zincbotryogen ZnFe(SO₄)₂(OH).7H₂O

Zinccopiapite ZnFe₄(SO₄)₆(OH)₂.2H₂O

3.2.2. Antlerite Cu₃SO₄(OH)₄

Langite Cu₃SO₄(OH)₄.H₂O

Brochantite Cu₄SO₄(OH)₆

Posnjakite Cu₄SO₄(OH)₆.H₂O

Wroewolfeite Cu₄SO₄(OH)₈.2H₂O

3.2.3. Kröhnkite CuNa₂(SO₄)₂.2H₂O

3.2.4. Plumbojarosite PbFe₆(SO₄)₄(OH)₁₂

3.3. ( P s e u d o -) I s o m e t r i c S t r u c t u r e s

3.3.1. Bonatite CuSO₄.3H₂O

Chalcanthite CuSO₄.5H₂O

Boothite CuSO₄.7H₂O

3.3.2. Dolerophanite Cu₂(SO₄)O

Connellite Cu₁₉SO₄(OH)₃₂Cl₄.3H₂O

3.3.3. Anglesite PbSO₄

3.3.4. Caracolite Pb₂Na₃(SO₄)₃Cl

4. Sulphates with Other Cations

4.1. A x i a l S t r u c t u r e s

4.1.1. Bentorite Ca₆Cr₂(SO₄)₃(OH)₁₂.26H₂O

4.2. P l a n a r S t r u c t u r e s

4.2.1. Klebesbergite Sb₄FeSO₄(OH)O

Peretaite CaSb₄(SO₄)₂(OH)₂O₄.2H₂O

4.3. ( P s e u d o -) I s o m e t r i c S t r u c t u r e s

4.3.1. Zircosulphate Zr(SO₄)₂.4H₂O

4.3.2. Schuetteite Hg₃(SO₄)O₂

Gianellite (Hg₂N)₂SO₄

5. Sulphates with Other Anions

Mixed-anion sulphate minerals (F- and Cl-bearing excluded) can also be subdivided into axial, planar and (pseudo-)isometric, when (SO₄) anion prevail over the other anions; otherwise they should be transferred to corresponding other classes.

Table 7. Structural-paragenetic classification of the carbonate minerals (Kostov, 1993)

1. Al-Mg-Fe(Na) Assemblages

1.1. Axial Structures

1.2. Planar Structures

1.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

2. Na(K)-Ca(TR)-Ba Assemblages

2.1. Axial Structures

2.2. Planar Structures

2.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

3. Zn-Cu-Pb(U) Assemblages

3.1. Axial Structures

3.2. Planar Structures

3.3. (Pseudo-) Isometric Structures

Responsibility: R.I.Kostov

Kostov’s classification of minerals

Be-Al-Mg(Fe,Mn) Assemblages

Planar, P-type, Structures

Axial, A-type, Structures

Phospates

Arsenates

Vanadates

Phosphates – arsenates – vanadates with mixed anions